Palladium nanoparticles from solvated atoms - stability and HRTEM characterization

Abstract

Palladium particles of nanometric dimensions were synthesized by the chemical liquid deposition method in which the Pd atoms were co-deposited at 77 K with 2-propanol, acetone, and tetrahydrofurane vapor to obtain colloidal dispersions. The colloidal dispersions were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The palladium colloids synthesized by use of these solvents are very stable. A strong absorption band in the UV region suggests that quantum confinement occurs in the nanoparticles obtained by this procedure. Studies of TEM micrographs reveal average size distributions between 1 and 5 nm for all Pd colloids. Whereas particle sizes in Pd-2-propanol colloids are not very sensitive to concentration change, the particle-size average in Pd-acetone and Pd-THF increases by 0.5 nm when the concentration increases from 10(-3) to 10(-2) mol l(-1). The HRTEM results show the high crystallinity of Pd nanoparticles and three low-energy structure shapes were found: cuboctahedron, tetrakaidecahedron, and icosahedron.