Oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion related to protein requirements for growth of white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (L.), juveniles

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of protein level on the growth rate, survival, pre- and postprandial oxygen consumption, and ammonia (N-NH3) excretion in white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (L.), juveniles. Diets containing 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% protein were provided at a proportion of 15% of the dry weight of shrimp weighing 0.19 +/- 0.01 g. The instantaneous growth rate was recorded for 45 days. The optimum protein level, in terms of the best growth rate, was that of the 30% protein diet (1.15 g 45 days(-1)). All shrimp fed with the diets had significantly higher respiration rates after feeding because of the apparent heat increment (AHI), A greater postprandial nitrogen excretion (PPNE) excretion was also observed after feeding, Shrimp maintained on the 30% protein diet had the lowest AHI and PPNE coefficients (percentage of ingested energy), and took the least time to reach the oxygen consumption and nitrogen excretion peak. The O:N ratios varied according to protein level, with higher values (32 and 44, fasting and feeding, respectively) with a 30% protein diet, and lower values (10 and 13, fasting and feeding, respectively) with 10% and 50% protein diets. These results indicate that P. setiferus juveniles use protein when fed with high (50%) and low (10%) protein diets, and lipid-protein substrates with a 30% protein diet, Under these conditions, P. setiferus grow better with a 30% protein diet where shrimp use food more efficiently.