Thecate dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) from Bahia Fosforescente, Puerto Rico

Abstract

Bahia Fosforescente, Puerto Rico, is well-known because of bioluminiscence caused by high concentrations of dinoflagellates. However, the specific composition of dinoflagellates has not been studied in detail. Several samples taken during 1975-1987 with net were analysed to study the dinoflagellates in the bay. Twenty-six taxa were identified, including 19 species, 3 varieties, and one form, together with three species not fully identified, all of them thecate. The valid, currently recognized names, as well as some synonyms are given, together with references, illustrations and distribution data. This study shows the constant presence of the species responsible for the bioluminiscence in the bay, Pyrodinium bahamense. The taxa Ceratium hircus and Dinophysis caudata var. ventricosa also occurred in all seasons. The genus Protoperidinium is represented by the greatest number of species in the bay (15). The unique hydrographic characteristics registered in the bay, such as the tidal and wind-driven mechanisms make possible the diversity of typically planktonic dinoflagellates in a shallow environment, although one benthic form was also found.